Safety and Firsrt Aid

Safety and First Aid 

Accidents may occur  anytime any where without giving any warning .we often get hurt at home , in the playground or on the road  most of the accidents occur due to our carelessness.

Safety from the fire  : 

 Fire spread very fast  and cause loss of life and property . To  Keep ourselves safe we should know about the causes and prevention of fire accidents 

Causes :

1.Electrical faults

2.Unsafe use of things like matchsticks, petromax, candles, kerosene oils and fire crackers

3.Gas leakage in the kitchen while cooking .

 

Prevention : 

1.We should handles matchsticks ,candles, gas stove, etc carefully.

2.We should avoid wearning nylon and synthetic clothes while cooking  because they easily catch fire  we should not wear clothes  that are too loose while working in the kitchen.

3..Electrical wiring should be checked regularly.

4. when there is a gas lickage , we we should not use lighter, matchbox or operate any electrical switch. We should open all the all the door s and windows of the house at once to let the gas out 

5.Small children  should not light fire crkers themselves.it may be dangerous .Even adult should also be careful while lighting crackers .

Fire fighting :

Fire can be put out by the following methods :

1.When paper or wood is on fire through water over it 

2.When the fire is caused by the petrol through sand over it  or mud over it . Sand cut of air supply and the fire stop burning .Do not through water  because petrol is lighter than water  so it floats in water  and keeps on burning .

3.When a person's clothes catch fire , ask him to roll on the ground. Cover him with a blanket or an overcoat.

4.When fire is caused due to the electric short circuit , do  not through water on it . Water may give you electric shock. Switch off the main power supply  immediately to prevent spread of fir  use fire extinguisher to stop the fire .

5.In case big fire ,shout for help immediately  and dial 102 on telephone to call the fire brigade.

 

First aids :

whenever an accident happens the injured person must be given an immediate medical help before  he /she  is taken to the hospital. The immediate medical help given  to an injured person before  a proper medical aid is called first aid. first aid is very important because it can prevent the injury from getting worse and sometimes can even save the life of a person.

 

 

Fractures

Fracture is a crack or break  in bone . we can provide  first aid as given below:

1.Make sure the fracture d part is in natural position 

2. Take a magazine , a piece of cardboard or wood or a pillow and tie around the fractured part to gibe support. This acts as splint . this helps it to remain still and at rest

3.When bone of hand is broken, make a sling using  a cloths or a bandage. the sling gibes support to the arms.

4.When the leg is fractured, tie  a splint around the fractured leg.

5.Call  the doctor and get an X-ray done .

 

Sprain

sometimes , while playing , your ankle or wrist twisted . This causes swelling and severe pain at the joints  this is called sprain. you should use ice pack to reduce swelling .Some pain-relieving ointments can be used to get relief from the pain .An elastic bandage wrapped around gives support to the affected area.

Burns

Minor burns : 

Keep the burnt area under cool running water for some times  apply an antiseptic cream on the burnt part. if antiseptic  cream is not available , apply   a paste  of  baking soda and water .

 

Severe burns : 

 Take the patients  to the doctor immediately. Some times , blisters are formed in the  burnt  part. Do not pick the blisters , otherwise  they get infected . if the blisters break, wash them with an antiseptic liquid and cover it with a clean piece of cloths  to protects them from germs and also from the dust .

Chemical burns : 

When burn is caused by chemicals( like  acids), wash the affected area with plenty of water to remove the  chemicals . Then give the first aid  as for other  burns .

 

Animal Bites :

The saliva od animal like  dogs, cats , and , monkeys contains viruses of a very dangerous disease called rabies 

Dog bites :

1.Wash the bitten parts  with soap and water to wash away germs 

2.Apply an antiseptic cream on the wound  to prevent  infection.

3.Take the victim to the doctor immediately . The doctor may give anti-rabies injection 

(vaccine )

 

Snakbites:

When a poisonous snake such as cobra or krait bites someone , it inject poison into the victim's body. The  poison injected by the snake travel through the blood and affect the heart or other organs in case snakebites do the following :

1.Apply the tight bandages just above the the bite to stop the poison from going  to the heart.

2.Take the victim to the doctor immediately . The doctor may give ant-venom injections.

 

Poisoning 

Things like detergents , naphthalene balls and insect killers are poisons. Such  things should kept out of the reach of children. In case of any kind of poisoning make the person vomit and call the doctor immediately .